The circular economy aims to reduce waste and retain value by keeping materials and products in use for as long as possible. In the built environment, this often involves reuse, recycling, design for disassembly, and alternative material flows.

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However, circularity is not inherently beneficial. Its impact depends on how systems respond. Reuse strategies, for example, often only lead to real benefits if they displace new production. This is where a systems-based and LCA-informed approach becomes essential.

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I work with circular economy principles in a way that connects ambition with reality. This includes evaluating material flows, modelling end-of-life scenarios, and assessing whether proposed solutions actually reduce environmental impacts.

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The goal is not circularity for its own sake, but circular strategies that are effective, measurable, and grounded in how systems behave.

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Key points

• Focus on reuse, recycling, and extended material lifetimes

• Requires system-level thinking to ensure real impact

• Evaluates whether circular strategies displace new production

• Integrates closely with LCA and scenario analysis